"In 1848, a number of young painters, notably John Everett Millais,
Dante Gabriel Rossetti and William Holman Hunt, deploring the
decadent state that British painting had fallen into since Turner's
later days, formed the "Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood". They were
determined to rebel against academic teaching, and to create a
radically different style of painting, returning to the purity, sincerity
and natural detail found in the painting of the Italian primitives,
untouched by the style and conventions put forward by Raphael
and his imitators.
Like the painters, they too were influenced by the writings of John
Ruskin, the leading theoretician of the Pre-Raphaelite movement.
He advocated a return to nature and to craftsmanship, and
championed a very precise, exalted view of medieval Gothic
architecture whose high moral qualities he considered to be under
threat from industrialization."
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